Ethical Principles in Dentistry: Assessing Ethical Consciousness among Dentists in Kabul

Abstract

Background:
Medical ethics in dentistry plays a vital role in ensuring patient-centered, fair, and professional
care. Key ethical principles—such as autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, justice, and
confidentiality—are essential in dental practice. In Kabul, Afghanistan, where the healthcare
system faces serious challenges due to political instability, poverty, and limited resources, the
attitudes and awareness of dentists regarding professional ethics remain underexplored.
Methods:
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 100 dental professionals in Kabul using a
structured questionnaire distributed through online platforms. The data were collected via
Google Form, and analyzed using SPSS 26.
Results:
Participants were predominantly male (86%), under 35 (92%), and graduates of private
universities (76%). While most valued patient-centered care (79%) and practiced informed
consent (72%), only 58.6% prioritized patient well-being over financial gain. Ethical training
was viewed as insufficient (58%) despite regular participation in development activities (65%).
Conclusion:
The findings indicate moderate to strong ethical awareness among dentists in Kabul, especially
regarding confidentiality and informed consent. However, economic pressures and insufficient
formal ethics education may affect consistent ethical practice. Enhancing ethics training in dental
curricula and implementing clearer regulations could strengthen professional conduct and
improve patient care in Afghanistan's complex healthcare environment.
Key words:
Dental Ethics, Professional Ethics, Ethical Awareness, Dentists in Kabul, Healthcare Ethics.